We know that fresh air feels good, but experts at the University of Minnesota say that’s just the beginning of nature’s brainboosting benefits. From expanding the prefrontal cortex to sharpening focus, the great outdoors has the power to reshape the architecture of the young brain and hone brain functioning — making it the ultimate classroom for a developing mind, says Cathy Jordan, PhD. 

Jordan is a professor of pediatrics at the University of Minnesota Medical School and a senior scientist at theMasonic Institute for the Developing Brain. She champions nature-based learning, prepares teachers to use nature-based instruction and creates equitable ways for children and families to connect with the outdoors.

Why is nature so good for kids?

One of the primary ways nature supports children is by increasing physical activity. Early exposure to the sun also helps children develop normal vision, while playing in the soil exposes them to organisms that bolster immune health. 

Nature restores attention and enhances emotional well-being — decreasing stress, boosting mood and strengthening self-regulation. Healthier, happier, more attentive and better regulated kids are also more successful students. When children play and learn in nature, they aren’t just having fun; they’re developing the resilience and coping mechanisms necessary to navigate a complex world.

What is happening in a child’s brain when they are outdoors? 

Spending time in nature triggers both structural and functional changes. Research shows that consistent exposure to nature can lead to a larger prefrontal cortex, the area of the brain responsible for complex decision-making, focus and working memory. 

Based on EEG brain wave patterns, we know that passively experiencing nature induces a “relaxed but alert” state that restores mental energy. When children perform cognitive tasks outdoors, they exhibit greater attention and efficiency, completing work with fewer cognitive resources and significantly less fatigue. How does nature help kids with neurodevelopmental challenges like attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD? 

How does nature help kids with neurodevelopmental challenges like attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, or ADHD? 

Attention is one of the most studied areas in nature research. For kids with ADHD, living in green environments and learning outdoors tend to decrease symptoms significantly. One study even showed that the short-term improvement in attention after a nature walk versus an urban walk was similar to that achieved with a dose of Ritalin, without the side effects.What do you want parents to know about your research at the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain? What do you want parents to know about your research at the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain? 

What do you want parents to know about your research at the Masonic Institute for the Developing Brain? 

I am part of an integrative brain health initiative called Flourish that gathers University expertise in important holistic health components — like creativity, play, movement, mind-body connection and nature. When we bring these domains together, we can help parents, schools and whole communities work toward optimal child development environments.